Slope Calculator
Calculate the slope (gradient), angle, distance, and midpoint between two points. Find the line equation y = mx + b.
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Slope Formula
m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁) (rise over run). The y-intercept b = y₁ − m×x₁. A positive slope means the line goes up; negative means down. Perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals (m₁ × m₂ = −1). Parallel lines have equal slopes.
What is the Slope Calculator?
The Slope Calculator is a core algebraic geometry tool that calculates the steepness and direction of a line plotted on a Cartesian coordinate plane. It is heavily used in algebra, physics, and terrain mapping.
How It Works (Formula)
The mathematical definition of slope (usually denoted as "m") is "Rise over Run". The calculator finds the difference in the vertical Y-coordinates (the rise) and divides it by the difference in the horizontal X-coordinates (the run).
$$ m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} $$
The standard slope equation using two Cartesian coordinate points.
How to Use It
Identify two points on your line. Enter the X and Y coordinates of the first point, and the X and Y coordinates of the second point. The calculator will instantly output the slope fraction and decimal, as well as the angle of incline.